The Antimonopoly Act was enacted in 1947, the same year that the Fair Trade Commission was established as the implementing agency of this law. The Commission is positioned as an external organs of the Cabinet Office.

The Commission adopts the council system consisting of five members, and independently performs its duties without being supervised by anyone else. In some cases, the Fair Trade Commission takes hearing* procedures for a fair and careful decision before implementing administrative measures.

* A procedure similar to court trial employed to inquire and determine the presence of any violations against the Antimonopoly Act.